2611

Authorization procedure and Trade Register aspects for CAEN 2611

To establish a company under CAEN class 2611 – Manufacture of electronic components, the standard registration procedure at the Trade Register (ONRC) must be followed. The incorporation is done by filing the registration application with the trade register, accompanied by the articles of incorporation and the documents provided for by Law no. 265/2022. At the time of registration, the main object of activity is declared through the CAEN code 2611, specified in the articles of incorporation and in the affidavit according to Law 359/2004. There is no special operating authorization solely for this code, however, depending on the specific production (e.g., electronic equipment subject to technical regulations), environmental or fire safety permits may be required. At the Trade Register (ONRC), any other related activity, such as research and development (CAEN 7211) or trade in components (CAEN 4652), will be registered as a secondary object.

Regulatory framework, specific permits and control institutions

The manufacture of electronic components is subject to product safety regulations (ROHS, EMC, LVD Directives) and applicable technical standards (SR EN 60068, etc.). Depending on the manufactured component (e.g., printed circuit boards, semiconductors, capacitors), permits may be required from the National Authority for Communications (ANCOM) for devices that may interfere with the radio spectrum. Also, products must comply with essential electrical safety requirements, and conformity is declared through the EU declaration of conformity and CE marking. Control is carried out by the National Authority for Consumer Protection (ANPC) and labor inspectors (ITM), as well as by environmental authorities (APM) for electronic waste management. It is mandatory to obtain an environmental permit if the activity involves the use of hazardous substances (e.g., lead, solvents) or the generation of hazardous waste.

Tax management, ANAF audit risk and specific accounting

For CAEN 2611, the general tax regime applies according to the Fiscal Code. The company is liable for profit tax (16%) or micro-enterprise income tax (1% or 3% depending on turnover, but conditioned by the number of employees and income from production). Note that, as a rule, industrial manufacturing activity is favored for the micro-enterprise regime if thresholds are not exceeded. VAT is applied at the standard rate (19%), with the possibility of deducting tax on purchases of raw materials, machinery and services. If components are exported, a 0% VAT rate applies provided export documents are held. The Tax Authority (ANAF) will pay increased attention to the correctness of inventory recording (production costs, work in progress, finished goods) and the tax treatment of provisions for warranties or returns. Major audit risk: incorrect declaration of income from the sale of components, especially in intra-Community transactions or to individuals. Analytical accounting must clearly separate direct manufacturing costs (materials, labor) from indirect ones (depreciation, maintenance). In case of obtaining subsidies for investments (e.g., through the PNRR), these are accounted for separately and taxed according to specific rules. Also, the SAF-T declaration on financial statements is mandatory, and for VAT settlements, the RO e-Factura system is used for invoices issued to the state or for high-value operations. We recommend consulting an accounting expert to establish the correct tax vector and the deadlines for submitting monthly/quarterly declarations.