7430
Written and oral translation activities (interpreters)
This code covers written translation and oral interpretation services, including technical, legal, medical or literary translations, as well as consecutive or simultaneous interpretation. It is suitable for both freelance translators and translation agencies collaborating with clients from various industries. Activities are usually carried out in an office or at the client's premises, and billing is based on a rate per word, page or hour.
Entrepreneur Profile
Acest cod este destinat traducătorilor autorizați, interpreților profesioniști, agențiilor de traduceri, precum și persoanelor fizice autorizate (PFA) sau SRL-urilor care oferă servicii de traducere și interpretariat. De asemenea, este util pentru specialiști care combină traducerea cu expertiza într-un domeniu specific (juridic, medical, tehnic).
Who should avoid:
Avoid the exclusive use of code 7430 if the main activity of your company shifts towards other commercial or related branches not specified in the official description. See the excluded activities section below.
Authorization procedure and Trade Register aspects for CAEN 7430
To establish a company that will carry out written and oral translation activities (CAEN code 7430), the standard procedure at the Trade Register (ONRC) involves submitting the registration application, the constitutive act and the affidavit in accordance with Law 359/2004. No prior operating approvals from other institutions are required, which simplifies the authorisation timeline to approximately 1-2 working days. Upon registration, the main object of activity is declared textually according to the CAEN nomenclature, and the fiscal vector is automatically activated by communicating the registration data to the Tax Authority (ANAF). Consultant's recommendation: additionally specify in the constitutive act secondary related CAEN codes, such as 7410 (design services) or 9003 (artistic creation), to cover potential ancillary services.
Regulatory framework, specific endorsements and control institutions
In Romania, translation and interpreting activities are not regulated by a special organic law, but there are ethical and quality standards set by the Romanian Translators Association (ATR). No operating authorisations or licences are required, except for translations certified for courts or notaries, in which case the translator must be authorised by the Ministry of Justice. The registered office must be declared real and legal at the Trade Register; private beneficiaries usually do not request a certificate of incorporation, but for contracts with public authorities the document becomes mandatory. On-site control is carried out by the Tax Authority (ANAF) by checking tax returns and the RO e-Factura system for non-VAT-payers.
Tax management, ANAF audit risk and specific accounting
Newly established legal entities for CAEN 7430 have the option to choose between the income tax system (micro-enterprise) and profit tax. The threshold of EUR 500,000 turnover determines the micro-enterprise limit; it is recommended to start with this regime, for a tax rate of 1-3%. The main deductible expenses include purchases of translation software (CAT tools), IT equipment and subscriptions to terminology databases (e.g. SDL Trados, memoQ). The ANAF audit risk is generated by undeclared income from non-resident clients – cross-border transactions require reverse charge invoicing and submission of the RECAP declaration. For the VAT threshold of RON 300,000, the operator must monitor the tax base monthly. Specific accounting does not require additional records, but for the VAT return, the normal or special exemption regime applies, depending on the option recorded in the fiscal vector upon registration.
Included Activities
- ✅ Written translation from and into any foreign language
- ✅ Oral interpretation (consecutive, simultaneous, whispered)
- ✅ Linguistic revision and proofreading of translated texts
- ✅ Audio/video transcription and subtitling
- ✅ Linguistic consultancy and content localisation
Excluded Activities
- ❌ Language education (code 8559)
- ❌ Secretarial activities and automatic translation (code 8219)
- ❌ Book editing activities (code 5811)
Similar or Related CAEN Codes:
From the same category of economic activities:
Întrebări Frecvente
Do I need a special authorisation to carry out translation activities as an authorised natural person?
No special authorisation is required, but certification by the Ministry of Justice for official translations is recommended. For interpreting, there is no mandatory requirement, but professional certifications (e.g. from the Translators Association) may increase credibility.
What taxes do I pay on income from translations as an authorised natural person?
As an authorised natural person, you pay income tax (10%) and social contributions (CAS and CASS) depending on the legal thresholds. If net income exceeds 12 minimum wages, VAT (19%) is also due if you exceed the threshold of RON 300,000 per year.