321
Manufacture of jewellery and similar articles
This category includes artisans and factories that produce jewellery from gold, silver or platinum, as well as those who cut and polish precious stones to be set in rings, necklaces or earrings. Practically, it encompasses all that means creating valuable items from precious metals, from wedding rings to medals and luxury ornamental objects.
Entrepreneur Profile
This CAEN code 321 is intended for entrepreneurs and companies (SRL, PFA) wishing to develop a business focused on manufacture of jewellery and similar articles. It is ideal for founders aiming to offer specialized services or products in this economic niche within the Romanian market.
Who should avoid:
Avoid the exclusive use of code 321 if the main activity of your company shifts towards other commercial or related branches not specified in the official description. See the excluded activities section below.
CAEN 321: Manufacturing of Jewellery and Similar Articles
The industry of manufacturing jewellery and similar articles, corresponding to NACE code 321, represents a niche sector with high added value in the Romanian economy. Although traditionally associated with the craft of goldsmithing, this activity has evolved significantly over the last decades, integrating modern computer-aided design and digital manufacturing technologies. In Romania, this branch is mainly concentrated in large urban centres such as Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca or Sibiu, but there are also rural workshops preserving traditional filigree or granulation techniques.
Macroeconomically, the sector is strongly influenced by fluctuations in global precious metal prices and consumer purchasing power. In times of economic uncertainty, gold jewellery is often perceived as a safe investment, which can support demand. On the other hand, competition from cheap products in Asian markets and jewellery made of silver or stainless steel puts pressure on local producers.
Entrepreneurs operating in this field face challenges related to sourcing quality raw materials, compliance with purity marking regulations (karat), and the high costs of specialised labour. Moreover, digitalisation and online sales require investments in e-commerce platforms and digital marketing to reach international customers. Despite these difficulties, the niche remains attractive due to high profit margins and constant demand for customised products such as wedding rings or bespoke jewellery.
Included Activities
- ✅ Manufacture of jewellery and goldsmith items from precious metals or plated metals
- ✅ Processing of precious and semi-precious stones
- ✅ Manufacture of articles from precious metals for household use (cutlery, tableware)
- ✅ Engraving and chasing of precious metal objects
- ✅ Manufacture of commemorative coins and medals
Excluded Activities
- ❌ Manufacture of boxes and similar articles from base metals (NACE 259)
- ❌ Retail trade of jewellery (NACE 477)
- ❌ Repair of jewellery (NACE 952)
- ❌ Minting of current coins (NACE 244)
Similar or Related CAEN Codes:
From the same category of economic activities:
Întrebări Frecvente
What type of companies can use CAEN code 321?
Any legal entity in Romania (SRL, PFA, Individual Enterprise) performing activities related to "manufacture of jewellery and similar articles" is required to have this code authorized in its articles of incorporation or at the Trade Register.
Are special permits required for CAEN 321?
The need for permits depends on the exact nature of the operations carried out under class 321. Some activities require authorizations from DSV, Environment, or Occupational Safety, while others can be conducted solely based on the self-declaration at incorporation.