CAEN 321: Manufacturing of Jewellery and Similar Articles
The industry of manufacturing jewellery and similar articles, corresponding to NACE code 321, represents a niche sector with high added value in the Romanian economy. Although traditionally associated with the craft of goldsmithing, this activity has evolved significantly over the last decades, integrating modern computer-aided design and digital manufacturing technologies. In Romania, this branch is mainly concentrated in large urban centres such as Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca or Sibiu, but there are also rural workshops preserving traditional filigree or granulation techniques.
Macroeconomically, the sector is strongly influenced by fluctuations in global precious metal prices and consumer purchasing power. In times of economic uncertainty, gold jewellery is often perceived as a safe investment, which can support demand. On the other hand, competition from cheap products in Asian markets and jewellery made of silver or stainless steel puts pressure on local producers.
Entrepreneurs operating in this field face challenges related to sourcing quality raw materials, compliance with purity marking regulations (karat), and the high costs of specialised labour. Moreover, digitalisation and online sales require investments in e-commerce platforms and digital marketing to reach international customers. Despite these difficulties, the niche remains attractive due to high profit margins and constant demand for customised products such as wedding rings or bespoke jewellery.