2432

Authorization procedure and Trade Register aspects for NACE 2432

Registration at the Trade Register (ONRC) of the main activity NACE 2432 - "Cold rolling of narrow strips" is done by self-declaration according to Law 359/2004, without prior approval from other institutions, except when the activity involves metal waste (requires registration according to Government Emergency Ordinance 92/2021). NACE code 2432 belongs to group 243 (Cold rolling) and subclass 2432. To set up a limited liability company (SRL) with this code, the standard application, the articles of incorporation, and proof of registered office are submitted to the Trade Register. The verification by the Trade Register only concerns the legal form, not the technical compliance. After authorization, the company must request fiscal registration from the Tax Authority (ANAF) and declare the fiscal vector (corporate income tax, VAT, social security contributions, health insurance contributions, dividend tax). Companies that carry out cold rolling must register with the Consumer Protection Authority (OPC) and with the State Inspectorate for the Control of Boilers, Pressure Vessels and Lifting Installations (ISCIR) for pressure equipment if they use hydraulic fluids at pressures above 50 bar. An environmental permit from the Environmental Protection Agency (APM) is also required for metal dust emissions and noise exceeding legal limits.

Regulatory framework, specific approvals, and control institutions

The activity of cold rolling of narrow strips (NACE 2432) falls under the scope of Government Decision 971/2011 regarding the application of the Occupational Safety and Health Law, being considered an activity with major mechanical risk (presses, rolling cylinders). The control institutions are: the Labour Inspectorate (ITM) for equipment safety and working hours; the State Inspectorate for the Control of Boilers, Pressure Vessels and Lifting Installations (ISCIR) for rolling machinery; the Environmental Guard for metal waste management and emissions; the Sanitary Veterinary Directorate (DSV) is not relevant for this code. Companies that obtain finished products through cold rolling must comply with technical standards SR EN 10131:2006 for narrow steel strips and SR EN 1655:2012 for dimensional tolerances. Technical data sheets for each production batch and CE declarations of conformity are mandatory if the products are marketed in the EU. For exports, REACH regulation on chemical substances and product registration with ECHA apply.

Fiscal management, ANAF audit risk, and specific accounting

From an accounting perspective, cold rolling is classified as industrial production, with material expense accounts (601 - raw materials: hot-rolled steel strips), direct labor (641 - salaries), and depreciation of machinery (6811). Inventories are valued at standard production cost (rolling mill depreciation cost + labor + materials). Price differences are recorded in account 348. At the end of the month, work in progress (account 332) is calculated based on the degree of processing. The main audit risk for the Tax Authority (ANAF) is the undervaluation of production (unsold inventories) to reduce corporate income tax. Other risks: unjustified VAT adjustment on machinery acquisition (if also used for non-taxable activities), incorrect declaration of income from the sale of metal waste (related to scrap). Monthly tax obligations: declaration 300 (VAT), declaration 112 (social security, health insurance, salary tax), declaration 394. Quarterly: declaration 100 (corporate income tax). Companies with a turnover exceeding 1,000,000 euros must implement the RO e-Factura and e-Transport systems for all deliveries of finished products (rolled strips). Recommendation: periodic assessment of machinery wear to avoid depreciation adjustments during tax audits.