CECAEN Rev 3
EN RO
Sections Correlation Guide About the Project Contact
Group 853

General secondary education

This macro-category includes middle schools (grades V-VIII) and general high schools (grades IX-XII/XIII) that provide basic education not strictly oriented towards a trade. It is the foundation of the Romanian educational system, preparing students for higher education or for active life.

Included Activities & Applicability

  • ✅ Operation of middle schools and general high schools
  • ✅ Lower secondary education (middle school)
  • ✅ Upper secondary education (general high school)
  • ✅ Educational activities for adults at general secondary level
  • ✅ Inclusive education in general secondary education
  • ✅ Remedial education programs at secondary level

Excluded Activities & Restrictions

  • ❌ Pre-primary and primary education (code 851)
  • ❌ Technical and vocational secondary education (code 852)
  • ❌ Higher education (code 854)
  • ❌ Other education activities (code 855)
  • ❌ Educational support activities (code 856)

Subordinate Structure

8531 General secondary education
→
8532 Secondary, technical or vocational education
→
8533 Post-secondary non-tertiary education
→

Detailed Analysis & Commercial Insights

General secondary education, classified under CAEN code 853, represents the backbone of the Romanian educational system, covering middle school and general high school. This formative stage is essential not only for the individual development of students but also for creating the human capital needed in a modern economy. In Romania, this segment faces major challenges: chronic underfunding, outdated infrastructure, and a lack of qualified teaching staff in rural areas. Nonetheless, general secondary education has a significant macroeconomic impact, as the high school graduation rate directly correlates with labor productivity and the attractiveness for foreign investments. From an economic perspective, this niche generates a significant number of direct jobs (teaching staff, administrative personnel) and indirect jobs (educational publishers, school transport, canteens). Entrepreneurs active in this field, typically private education units, must navigate a complex legislative framework and quickly adapt to changes in the school curriculum and labor market requirements. Digitalization is an emerging trend, with schools integrated with online platforms and IT equipment having a competitive advantage. In the long term, the sustainability of this sector depends on investments in continuous teacher training and connecting the curriculum to real economic needs. In the context of Romania, where the school dropout rate is still high in rural areas, general secondary education institutions have the social responsibility to reduce inequalities and provide equal opportunities. Although direct profitability may be limited in the case of state schools, private schools find opportunities in niche segments, such as bilingual programs, Montessori education, or sports-oriented high schools. In conclusion, CAEN code 853 remains a pillar of Romania's sustainable development, directly influencing the skills of future generations.