CECAEN Rev 3
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Sections Correlation Guide About the Project Contact
Group 302

Manufacture of rolling stock

This CAEN group covers the manufacture and repair of rolling stock, i.e., vehicles that run on rails, such as locomotives, freight and passenger wagons, trams, and metro trains. It includes both the construction of new vehicles and capital repairs and modernizations, including the production of specific spare parts.

Included Activities & Applicability

  • ✅ Manufacture of locomotives and wagons for railways and trams Manufacture of rolling stock for urban transport (metro
  • ✅ tram) Manufacture of parts and subassemblies for rolling stock Repair and maintenance of rolling stock Manufacture of special railway vehicles (maintenance
  • ✅ construction)

Excluded Activities & Restrictions

  • ❌ Manufacture of electrical components for rolling stock Installation of signaling and control systems for railways Construction of railways and railway infrastructure Manufacture of road vehicles (buses
  • ❌ coaches) Manufacture of aircraft or ships Operation of railways (passenger or freight rail transport)

Subordinate Structure

3020 Manufacture of rolling stock
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Detailed Analysis & Commercial Insights

Overview of Rolling Stock Manufacturing (CAEN 302)

The rolling stock manufacturing industry, corresponding to CAEN group 302, represents a strategic pillar of the Romanian economy, with deep roots in the state industrial period and continuing to play an important role in the development of railway and urban infrastructure. This group covers the production of locomotives, passenger and freight wagons, trams, metro trains, as well as related parts and subassemblies, including their repair and modernization. Its macroeconomic importance derives from its contribution to the transport sector, exports, and the creation of highly skilled jobs, especially in traditional centers such as Brașov, Bucharest, Arad, or Pașcani.

The evolution of this niche has been marked by the transition from large state industrial combines to a market dominated by a few private players who have managed to adapt to efficiency requirements and European standards. In recent years, the sector has benefited from investments in modernizing the rolling stock of CFR and private operators, as well as from projects to expand the metro networks in Bucharest and Cluj-Napoca. However, entrepreneurs active in this field face significant challenges, such as strong competition from international manufacturers, bureaucracy in relations with contracting authorities, long production cycles, and the constant need for technological innovation.

Despite the difficulties, the outlook remains favorable, considering national and European programs for railway infrastructure modernization, the growing demand for eco-friendly transport, and the trend of reindustrialization in Romania. To succeed, companies in this CAEN group must invest in digitalization, staff training, and international partnerships to access new markets and meet quality and sustainability requirements.