6492
Other credit granting activities
This code covers lending activities not classified elsewhere, such as granting loans by entities that are not banks or traditional financial institutions. Simply put, if you provide credit directly to consumers or companies without taking deposits, this is your code. It includes consumer loans, mortgage loans, and commercial loans, but excludes financial leasing and factoring.
Entrepreneur Profile
Acest cod este potrivit pentru societățile financiare nebancare (IFN-uri), startup-urile fintech care oferă credite online, companiile care acordă împrumuturi angajaților sau clienților, precum și pentru persoanele fizice autorizate care desfășoară activități de creditare în mod independent.
Who should avoid:
Avoid the exclusive use of code 6492 if the main activity of your company shifts towards other commercial or related branches not specified in the official description. See the excluded activities section below.
Authorization procedure and Trade Register aspects for CAEN 6492
The establishment of a company carrying out activities classified under CAEN 6492 (Other credit granting activities) requires compliance with strict procedural steps at the Trade Register (ONRC). The associates must submit the founding act and the registration application mentioning the main activity object code 6492. The basic condition: a real registered office, proven by a loan agreement, lease or property deed. No prior authorizations from the National Bank of Romania (BNR) are required as long as the activity does not involve attracting deposits, only lending from own funds.
For authorized natural persons, registration is made at the Trade Register based on a sworn declaration according to Law 359/2004. The administrator must not have been convicted for financial offenses. It is recommended to consult a lawyer for drafting the founding documents, as the precise definition of the lending activity (e.g., consumer loans, mortgage loans, factoring) prevents refusals by ONRC.
After registration, the unique registration code and the registration certificate are obtained. This is followed by opening a bank account and registering for tax purposes with the Tax Authority (ANAF). The company must declare the fiscal vector including profit/income tax, VAT (if exceeding the threshold or optional) and employee contributions.
Regulatory framework, specific endorsements and control institutions
CAEN 6492 does not fall under banking legislation, but under the legislation on lending activities not authorized by BNR. The main regulatory authority is the National Authority for Consumer Protection (ANPC) for credit agreements with consumers, according to Government Emergency Ordinance 50/2010 on consumer credit agreements. The company must register as a personal data operator with the National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP) if processing customer data.
No special operating permits are issued, but compliance with Law 190/1999 (on mortgage loans) or other sectoral rules is mandatory. BNR does not issue a license, but may monitor if the activity exceeds the scope of private lending. For lending between companies, the provisions of the Fiscal Code on transfer pricing and thin capitalization apply.
Tax control is exercised by ANAF, which verifies the correctness of calculating interest and losses from non-performing loans. Consumer protection is ensured by ANPC, and the Financial Supervisory Authority (ASF) intervenes only if the activity expands into the capital market.
Tax management, ANAF audit risk and specific accounting
From a fiscal perspective, interest income is recorded at the due date, according to contractual commitments. Expenses with provisions for non-performing loans are deductible to a limited extent, depending on the recovery rate, according to the Fiscal Code. Profit tax is calculated quarterly, and losses may be carried forward for 7 years.
Operators with CAEN 6492 have an increased risk of ANAF inspection, especially regarding non-declaration of interest income or abusive deduction of expenses with provisions. ANAF may verify the reality of contracts and the method of calculating interest (for example, compliance with the market level). Separate records for each credit agreement and keeping supporting documents for balances are recommended.
Accounting involves using accounts 267 (non-current receivables) for long-term loans and 2671/2672 for current receivables. Current interest is recorded as financial income. Impairment adjustments (provisions) based on individual analysis are required. Also, for lending in foreign currency, the rules on exchange rate differences apply. Reporting obligations include Declaration 406 (beneficial owner) and annual financial statements with detailed explanatory notes.
In conclusion (without using the term), CAEN 6492 offers operational flexibility but imposes rigorous financial discipline and permanent compliance with specific legislation to avoid disputes with authorities.
Included Activities
- ✅ Granting of consumer loans
- ✅ Granting of mortgage loans
- ✅ Granting of commercial loans
- ✅ Credit granting activities by non-bank financial companies
- ✅ Granting of personal loans
- ✅ Online lending activities (fintech)
- ✅ Granting of loans for the purchase of goods
Excluded Activities
- ❌ Monetary intermediation activities (central banks, commercial banks)
- ❌ Financial leasing (code 6491)
- ❌ Factoring (code 6491)
- ❌ Insurance and pension fund activities
- ❌ Credit brokerage activities (intermediation)
- ❌ Credit granting activities carried out by banks
Similar or Related CAEN Codes:
From the same category of economic activities:
Întrebări Frecvente
What authorizations are required to carry out activities under CAEN code 6492?
In order to grant loans legally, you must register as a non-bank financial institution (IFN) with the National Bank of Romania (BNR) if the activity exceeds certain thresholds. For smaller activities, you can operate as an authorized natural person, but you must comply with the legislation on lending and consumer protection.
What are the main tax obligations for a company with CAEN code 6492?
Companies carrying out lending activities are subject to profit tax or income tax, depending on the legal form. They must also apply the VAT regime for interest collected, which is exempt from VAT but with limited deduction rights. Consultation with a specialized accountant is recommended.